ACSTD

Ghazi Amir Amanullah Khan’s rule was a monarchy, yet he laid the groundwork for democracy in Afghanistan in line with the era’s demands. His efforts later inspired broader freedoms, not

Decades of war, state fragility, and the interplay of local, regional, and global actors have made Afghanistan a focal point for armed/militant groups. These groups operate under varying ideological, political,

By definition, ifrat or extremism means going beyond reasonable limits or engaging in excess. In practice, extremism means straying from the path of moderation and reason. It’s about not only

Terrorism has long been a brutal instrument used by authoritarian regimes, extremist groups, and intelligence agencies to achieve political and strategic objectives. It thrives on fear, coercion, and the suppression

Almost five decades of instability, foreign interference, and internal conflicts culminated in what many considered unthinkable: the collapse of the Afghan government in 2021 and the Taliban’s return to power.